The third edition of this book is the culmination of a 25 year project aimed at conceptualizing music therapy in a critically inclusive and integrative way. To be critically inclusive, the definition must provide an umbrella that embraces all professional practices and concepts that have been deemed viable in the refereed literature, while also excluding those concepts and practices: that do not rely on music; that occur outside of a professional therapist-client relationship; and that are not concerned with addressing the client’s health. To be integrative, the definition must offer myriad options for using music to address the client’s health concerns—as indicated by client need rather than therapist orientation.The resulting definition is a working and provisional one, based on over 100 existing definitions. It has been co-constructed by the author (who is situated in American music therapy), experienced colleagues, and authors and associations around the world who have crafted their own definition of music therapy. Its relevance is clearly situated with Western cultures that use the English language for scholarly purposes. Contents Copyright Page/ iv Dedication/ v Acknowledgments/ vi Table of Contents/ vii List of Tables and Figures/ xiii Preface/ xv Introduction: The Story of Defining/ xix Chapter 1: The Need for Defining / 3 Chapter 2: The Challenges of Defining / 8 Chapter 3: An Analysis of Existing Definitions/ 22 Chapter 4: A Working Definition / 35 Chapter 5: Process / 44 Chapter 6: Reflexive/ 54 Chapter 7: Therapist / 66 Chapter 8: Helps / 74 Chapter 9: Client/ 91 Chapter 10: To Optimize the Client’s Health/ 97 Chapter 11: Using Music Experiences/ 110 Chapter 12: Levels of Experience/ 121 Chapter 13: Types of Experiences: The Four Main Methods/ 127 Chapter 14: Facets of Music Experience/ 140 Chapter 15: Relationships/ 158 Chapter 16: Formed/ 160 Chapter 17: Impetus/ 176 Chapter 18: Change/ 186 Chapter 19: A Discipline of Practice, Theory, and Research/ 195 Chapter 20: Criteria for Areas and Levels of Practice/ 203 Chapter 21: Didactic Practices/ 210 Chapter 22: Medical Practices/ 216 Chapter 23: Healing Practices/ 220 Chapter 24: Psychotherapeutic Practices/ 232 Chapter 25: Recreational Practices/ 239 Chapter 26: Ecological Practices/ 242 Chapter 27: Integral Thinking/ 251 Chapter 28: Integral Practice/ 260 Chapter 29: Conclusions and Implications/ 268 Notes/ 271 2A: Building on Cultural and Discursive Constructions of Music Therapy/ 272 2B: Different Conceptions of Discipline and Profession/ 277 5: Intervention—Deconstructed/ 280 6A: Systematic—Deconstructed/ 282 6B: The Fallacies of Holism/ 284 6C: Nondirectiveness: An Illusion/ 286 8A: Help—Deconstructed/ 288 8B: The Role of Power in Therapy/ 291 8C: Help and Hierarchy in Therapy/ 295 9: Client—Deconstructed/ 301 10: Promote Health—Deconstructed/ 304 11: Music Experiences and Relationships—Deconstructed/ 308 17: Dynamic Forces—Deconstructed/ 309 18: Change—Deconstructed/ 310 Appendix/ 313 References/ 333 Index/ 363
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