Publications on emotion (and the affective sciences in general) have exploded in the last decade. Numerous research teams and individual scholars from many different disciplines have published research papers or books about many different aspects of emotions and their role in behaviour and society. However, One aspect of emotional research that has been somewhat neglected, is the way in which emotional terms translate into other languages. When using terms like anger, sadness, fear, disgust, and joy for so-called basic emotions, as well as terms like shame, guilt, pride, regret and contempt for more complex emotions, it is naturally assumed that the emotion terms used for research in the native language of the researchers and translated into English are completely equivalent in meaning. However, this is not generally the case. In many cases there is no direct one to one relationship between an English term and a term in an alternative language. In fact, there can be significant differences in the way that these seemingly similar emotional terms can be applied across various languages, with important implications for how we review and appraise this work. This book presents an extensive cross-cultural and cross-linguistic review of the meaning of emotion words, adopting a novel methodological approach. Based on the Component Process Model, the authors developed a new instrument to assess the meaning of emotion terms. This instrument, the GRID questionnaire, consists of a grid of 24 emotion terms spanning the emotion domain and 142 emotion features that operationalize five emotion components (Appraisals, Bodily reactions, Expressions, Action tendencies, and Feelings). For the operationalization of these five emotion components, very different emotion models from the Western and the cultural-comparative emotion literature were taken into account. 'Components of Emotional Meaning' includes contributions from psychological, cultural-comparative, and linguistic perspectives demonstrating how this new instrument can be used to empirically study very different research questions on the meaning of emotion terms. The implications of the results for major theoretical debates on emotion are also discussed. For all researchers in the affective sciences, this book is an important new reference work. Contents: List of Contributors List of GRID Collaborators Preface, K.R. Scherer General introduction: A paradigm for a multidisciplinary investigation of the meaning of emotion terms, J. Fontaine, K. Scherer & C. Soriano PART I. Disciplinary perspectives and theoretical approaches to the meaning of emotion words 1. Measuring the meaning of emotion words: A domain-specific componential approach, K. R. Scherer 2. Componential, categorical and dimensional perspectives to meaning in psychological emotion research, J. R. J. Fontaine 3. Folk emotion concepts: Lexicalization of emotional experiences across languages and cultures, A. Ogarkova 4. Linguistic theories of lexical meaning, C. Soriano PART II. The GRID instrument: Hypotheses, operationalization, data, and overall structure 5. The why, the what, and the how of the GRID instrument, J. R. J. Fontaine, K. R. Scherer & C. Soriano 6. Cross-cultural data collection with the GRID instrument, C. Soriano, J. R. J. Fontaine, K. R. Scherer & GRID collaborators 7. The global meaning structure of the emotion domain: Investigating the complementarity of multiple perspectives on meaning, J. R. J. Fontaine & K. R. Scherer PART III. Decomposing the meaning of emotion terms: Analysis by emotion component 8. From emotion to feeling: The internal structure of the Feeling component, J. R. J. Fontaine & K. R. Scherer 9. Embodied emotions: The Bodily reaction component, K. R. Scherer & J. R. J. Fontaine 10. The "mirror of the soul": The Expression component, K. R. Scherer & J. R. J. Fontaine 11. Emotion is for doing: The Action tendency component, J. R. J. Fontaine & K. R. Scherer 12. Driving the emotion process: The Appraisal component, K. R. Scherer & J. R. J. Fontaine 13. Meaning structure of emotion terms: Integration across components, K. R. Scherer & J. R. J. Fontaine PART IV: Psychological perspectives 14. The new novelty dimension: Method artifact or basic dimension in the cognitive structure of the emotion domain?, J. R. J. Fontaine & E. Veirman 15. From meaning to experience: The dimensional structure of emotional experiences, J. R. J. Fontaine, E. Veirman & H. Groenvynck 16. Reviving a forgotten dimension - Potency in affective neuroscience, A. Schacht 17. Maggots and morals: Physical disgust is to fear as moral disgust is to anger, S. W. S. Lee & P. C. Ellsworth 18. The GRID meets the Wheel: Assessing emotional feeling via self-report, K. R. Scherer, V. Schuman, J. R. J. Fontaine & C. Soriano 19. Assessing interindividual differences in emotion knowledge: Exploring a GRID based approach, S. J. E. Van den Eede & J. R. J. Fontaine PART V: Cultural-comparative perspectives 20. The conceptualization of despair in Basque, Spanish, and English, Alonso-Arbiol, C. Soriano & F. J. R. van de Vijver 21. Finno-Ugric emotions: The meaning of anger in Estonian and Finnish, A. Realo, M. Siiroinen, H. Tissari & L. Koots 22. Types of anger in Spanish and Russian, C. Soriano, J. R. J. Fontaine, A. Ogarkova, C. Mejia, Y. Volkova, S. Ionova & V. Shakhovskyy 23. What the GRID can reveal about culture-specific emotion concepts: a case-study of Russian "toska", A. Ogarkova, J. R. J. Fontaine & I. Prihod'ko 24. Pride is not created equal: Variations between Northern and Southern Italy, M. Mortillaro, P. E. Ricci-Bitti, G. Bellelli & D. Galati 25. The meaning of pride across cultures, Y. M.J. van Osch, S. M. Breugelmans, M. Zeelenberg & J. R. J. Fontaine 26. Cultural differences in the meaning of guilt and shame, M. Silfver-Kuhalampi, J. R. J. Fontaine, L. Dillen & K. R. Scherer PART VI: Linguistic perspectives 27. Comparing the Natural Semantic Metalanguage (NSM) approach to emotion and the GRID paradigm, Z. Ye 28. Conceptual Metaphor Theory and the GRID paradigm in the study of anger in English and Spanish, C. Soriano 29. English "fear" and Polish "starch" in contrast: The GRID paradigm and the Cognitive Corpus Linguistic methodology, B. Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk & P. A. Wilson 30. Triangulating the GRID: A corpus-based cognitive linguistic analysis of five Greek emotion terms, M. Terkourafi, E. C. Kapnoula, P. Panagiotopoulou & A. Protopapas PART VII: Special topics 31. The GRID Study in India, A. Hejmadi 32. Adaptation of the GRID instrument in Setswana, C. Jonker, L. Mojaki, D. Meiring & J. R. J. Fontaine 33. Comparison of the arousal dimension in Turkey and the USA, G. Akcalan, D. Sunar & H. Boratav 34. Familiarity and disappointment: A culture-specific dimension of emotional experience in Greece?, P. Panagiotopoulou, M. Terkourafi & A. Protopapas 35. The meaning of happiness in Japan and the United States, K. Ishii 36. Happiness and contentment in English and Polish, P. A. Wilson & B. Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk 37. Exploring the meaning of pride and shame in Hong Kong-Chinese, S. Wong & D. Yeung 38. The meaning of Dutch "schaamte" as a single term for shame and embarrassment, Y. M. J. van Osch, S. M. Breugelmans & M. Zeelenberg 39. Emotion term semantics in Russian-Ukrainian and Ukrainian-Russian bilinguals, A. Ogarkova, I. Prihod'ko & J. Zakharova 40. The vocal expression component in the meanings of Russian, Ukrainian, and US English emotion terms, J. Zakharova & A. Ogarkova 41. Language family similarity effect: emotion term semantics in Russian, Ukrainian, Czech, Slovak, and Polish, A. Ogarkova , N. Panasenko & B. Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk 42. Cognitive appraisals can differentiate positive emotions: The role of social appraisals, E. M. W. Tong 43. Where do emotional dialects come from? A comparison of the understanding of emotion terms between Gabon and Quebec, U. Hess, P. Thibault & M. Levesque PART VIII: Taking stock and further development of the GRID paradigm 44. CoreGRID and MiniGRID: Development and validation of two short versions of the GRID instrument, K. R. Scherer, J. R. J. Fontaine & C. Soriano 45. Promises delivered, future opportunities and challenges for the GRID paradigm, K. R. Scherer, J. R. J. Fontaine & C. Soriano Appendix 1 (Availibility) Appendix 2 (GRID instrument) Appendix 3 (CoreGRID instrument) Appendix 4 (MiniGRID intrument) References About the Editors: Johnny R. J. Fontaine, Ghent University, Belgium,Klaus R. Scherer, Swiss Centre for Affective Sciences, University of Geneva, Switzerland,Cristiana Soriano, Senior researcher, Swiss Centre for Affective Sciences, University of Geneva, Switzerland Johnny Fontaine made his PhD on the cross-cultural comparability of the Schwartz Value Survey at the University of Leuven (KU Leuven) in Belgium. He currently teaches psychological assessment and cross-cultural psychology at Ghent University in Belgium. Ever since his PhD he has worked from an assessment approach, with a particular focus on bias and equivalence in cross-cultural research. He is currently president-elect of the European Association for Psychological Assessment. He studies values, religiosity, acculturation, intelligence, and especially emotions from a cultural comparative perspective. His emotion research focuses on the structural representation of the emotion domain across cultural groups, on cross-cultural similarities and differences in self-conscious emotions, and on the assessment of emotional competence across cultural groups. Klaus Scherer, born in 1943, studied economics and social sciences at the University of Cologne and the London School of Economics. Following his postgraduate studies in psychology, he obtained a Ph.D. from Harvard University in 1970. After teaching at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and the University of Kiel, Germany, he was appointed, in 1973, full professor of social psychology at the University of Giessen, Germany. From 1985 to 2008, Klaus Scherer has been a full professor of psychology at the University of Geneva, Switzerland, and director of the Human Assessment Centre (Laboratoire d'Evaluation Psychologique). Since 2004 he is the Director of the Swiss Center for Affective Sciences at the University of Geneva. Apart from extensive theoretical work (Component Process Model), Scherer's research activities focus on different aspects of emotion and other affective states, in particular emotional expression and induction of emotion by music. Cristina Soriano studied English philology at the University of Murcia (Spain), from which she also obtained a PhD in Linguistics. She further studied at the University of California, Berkeley and Hamburg University, where she specialized in cognitive linguistics. Since 2007 she has worked at the Swiss Center for Affective Sciences of the University of Geneva (Switzerland) as senior researcher on language and emotion. She conducts interdisciplinary research on cross-cultural emotion semantics, the metaphorical representation of concepts, the psycholinguistic investigation of conceptual metaphor, and the affective meaning of color. She is the executive officer of the GRID project and main researcher in a number of other studies on the linguistic representation of emotion concepts across cultures, with a special focus on conflict emotions. |