For many therapists, conflict with their clients, whether overt or subtle, can be a frustrating impediment to change. The same is true for clinical supervisors, who must juggle trainees' relationships with their clients alongside the complex and often charged interactions that take place during the supervisory hour. The Critical Events Model of Psychotherapy Supervision is a blueprint to help supervisors navigate the most challenging dilemmas and conflicts that arise in the supervisory process. These include addressing skill deficits and competency concerns, working through role conflicts, and ethnicity and gender-related misunderstandings. Because these interpersonal dilemmas can be so challenging, they often represent a golden opportunity for real progress, in psychotherapy and supervision alike. With the aid of detailed and compelling case examples, the authors present a process model that offers specific strategies — such as exploration of feelings, focus on self-efficacy, and attention to parallel processes — that together enable supervisors and trainees to successfully resolve the problem at hand and achieve lasting success. This theoretically-grounded text is appropriate for supervisors and trainees of all theoretical orientations. Contents: Dedication
About the Authors
Introduction
Overview of the Critical Events ModelAmbiguity and Conflict in the Supervision Relationship: It's All About the Roles!Addressing Skill Difficulties, Deficits and Competency ConcernsWorking Through Parallel Processes and Heightening Multicultural AwarenessUsing the Critical Events Model in Practice and Training
Suggested Readings
References Author Bios: Nicholas Ladany, PhD, is presently the Dean of the School of Leadership and Education Sciences at the University of San Diego. He previously served as Dean of the School of Education and Counseling Psychology at Santa Clara University in Santa Clara, CA; Director of the Counseling Program at Loyola Marymount University in Los Angeles, CA; Chair of the Department of Education and Human Services and Program Coordinator & Director of Doctoral Training of the Counseling Psychology Program at Lehigh University in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania; and has served as a faculty member at Temple University and the University of Maryland, College Park. He received his PhD at the University at Albany, State University of New York, in 1992. He has more than 80 publications and has conducted more than 240 national and international presentations in more than 20 countries in the area of counseling and psychotherapy supervision and training. In particular, his primary research interest and activity include such issues as the working alliance, self-disclosures and nondisclosures, multicultural training, ethics, and social justice. He has served as an Associate Editor of Psychotherapy and as a member of the editorial boards for the Journal of Counseling Psychology, The Counseling Psychologist, and Counselor Education and Supervision. He has published five books, including: Practicing Counseling and Psychotherapy: Insights From Trainees, Clients, and Supervisors; Critical Events in Psychotherapy Supervision: An Interpersonal Approach; and Counselor Supervision (4th ed.). Myrna L. Friedlander, PhD, is a Professor in the Counseling Psychology PhD program at the University at Albany/State University of New York, where she served as Training Director from 1999 to 2016.
She has supervised master's and doctoral students for more than 35 years and published more than 140 book chapters and journal articles, including several self-report instruments and observational coding systems, primarily related to the processes of psychotherapy and supervision. In 2006 she co-authored Therapeutic Alliances With Couples and Families: An Empirically Informed Guide to Practice. A Fellow of APA, she has served on the editorial boards of six journals and received awards for her lifetime contribution to research by the University at Albany, APA Division 17 (Society of Counseling Psychology), and the American Family Therapy Association. A licensed psychologist in New York State, she has been in independent practice for more than 30 years. Mary Lee Nelson, PhD, is currently retired and serving as an Adjunct Professor at the University of Missouri, St. Louis, where she teaches supervision theory, research, and practice. She was previously Visiting Professor of Counseling and Family Therapy at the University of Missouri, St. Louis; Professor and Department Chair of Counseling Psychology at the University of Wisconsin, Madison; and Associate Professor of Counseling in Educational Psychology at the University of Washington. Dr. Nelson also served as Staff Psychologist in Student Counseling Services at University of Oregon, University of Washington, and University of Missouri, St. Louis and maintained a private practice in Seattle, Washington. She is currently a licensed psychologist in the State of Missouri. Dr. Nelson conducted research and published articles on interpersonal process in supervision for more than 20 years. She has served on the editorial boards of The Counseling Psychologist, Psychotherapy Research, The Clinical Supervisor, and the Journal of Counseling and Development. | 
